Batteries are commonly used items in every household. After consuming all the electricity, we usually discard or burn them. Discarded or improperly buried batteries can cause harmful substances such as mercury, nickel, lead, and chromium to dissipate over time. It will cause pollution to the surrounding soil and water sources. If accidentally discarded in water, it can contaminate 600000 liters of water. If people drink contaminated water, it can cause heavy metal poisoning. Therefore, the recycling and reuse of waste batteries is urgent!
Waste lithium batteries are mainly composed of a casing, positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, and separator. The positive electrode is formed by coating lithium cobalt oxide powder on both sides of an aluminum foil current collector through PVDF, which acts as a bonding agent; The negative electrode structure is similar to the positive electrode, consisting of carbon powder bonded to both sides of the copper foil current collector. The commonly used methods for recycling and reusing waste lithium batteries include wet metallurgy, pyrometallurgy, and mechanical physics. Compared to wet and pyrometallurgical methods, lithium battery crushers use mechanical physical methods that do not require the use of chemical reagents and have lower energy consumption, making them an environmentally friendly approach. Physical sorting method is a sorting method based on the differences in material properties such as particle size, density, and magnetism. It mainly includes screening, gravity sorting, flotation, magnetic separation, etc. Firstly, a vertical shredder, a wind-driven shaker, and a vibrating screen are used to classify and process discarded lithium-ion batteries. After crushing and sorting, positive electrode materials, negative electrode materials, separators, current collectors, etc. are obtained.
The lithium battery crushing and recycling equipment separates and regenerates waste lithium batteries, separating them into the raw materials we need. The lithium battery recycling and processing equipment crushes and crushes the raw materials with multiple blades, which are separated and processed by air flow sorting facilities, and has pulse dust removal facilities to collect dust generated during the separation process and subsequent processes. To form a green and high-quality closed-loop system for the entire life cycle of batteries, lithium battery crushing and recycling equipment mainly separates aluminum and copper from the positive and negative electrode materials of scrapped lithium batteries for recycling. With the optimization of the industry development environment, the development prospects of lithium battery resource utilization are promising.
